![]() While filter requirements for insertion loss and bandwidth become more stringent, more functionality is desired for many applications to improve overall system level performance. This compact design, in combination with increased modulation efficiency, could enable modulator-based isolators to become a standard ‘black-box’ component in integrated photonics CMOS foundry platform component libraries.Īcoustic devices have played a major role in telecommunications for decades as the leading technology for filtering in RF and microwave frequencies. We also show transmission of a 4 Gbps optical data signal through the isolator while retaining a wide-open eye diagram. ![]() Isolation up to 13 dB is measured with a 3 dB bandwidth of 2 GHz and insertion loss of 18 dB. ![]() We demonstrate a non-reciprocal element comprising a pair of microring modulators and a microring phase shifter in an active silicon photonic process, which, in combination with standard bandpass filters, yields an isolator on-chip. Isolation using magneto-optic materials has been difficult to integrate into complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication platforms, motivating the use of other paths to effective non-reciprocity such as temporal modulation. Optical isolators, while commonplace in bulk and fiber optical systems, remain a key missing component in integrated photonics. The electronic drive and lack of magneto-optic materials suggest the potential for straightforward integration with drive circuits, including in monolithic CMOS electronic-photonic platforms, enabling a fully contained ‘black box’ optical isolator with two optical ports and DC electrical power. The isolator uses only 1 mW of electrical drive power, an improvement of 1–3 orders of magnitude over the state of the art. The approach is theoretically evaluated with simulations predicting over 20 dB of isolation and 2.6 dB of insertion loss with a 370 GHz optical bandwidth and 1 cm device length. The co-guided and co-traveling arrangement enables isolation with no additional optical loss, without magnetic-optic materials, and with low power consumption. A triply-guided waveguide system on-chip, comprising two optical modes and an electrically-driven acoustic mode, facilitates the non-reciprocal mode conversion and is combined with spatial mode filters to create the isolator. ![]() We propose and investigate the performance of integrated photonic isolators based on non-reciprocal mode conversion facilitated by unidirectional, traveling acoustic waves. ![]()
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